Internal medicine specialisation and medical speciality pulmonology concentrate on identifying and treating respiratory system problems. This encompasses the chest wall, thoracic cavity, upper airways, and lungs. Internal medicine focusing on pulmonology, sometimes entails handling patients requiring mechanical ventilation or life support. 

A pulmonologist or chest and lungs specialist can also assist in treating complex respiratory conditions like mesothelioma. Mesothelioma is an uncommon cancer that develops in the chest, thoracic, or abdomen after exposure to asbestos dust. 

Mesothelioma can very rarely develop in the testicles. Due to its rarity and severity, people with lung-related diseases frequently consult a pulmonologist or lung specialist for assistance. Pneumonia, asthma, TB, emphysema, and severe chest infections may also be pulmonological illnesses.